Ultrastructural characteristics of enkephalin‐immunoreactive boutons and their postsynaptic targets in the shell and core of the nucleus accumbens of the rat

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Abstract
The present study compared the ultrastructural morphology of enkephalin‐immunoreactive boutons and their postsynaptic targets in different territories of the nucleus accumbens in the rat. The synaptic bouton profiles were identified by antibodies directed against [leu5]enkephalin. Ninety‐five percent of the synaptic contacts were symmetric in configuration and the remaining 5% were asymmetric. Axosomatic contacts comprised 6% of all enkephalin‐immunoreactive junctions and were distributed equally in all parts of the nucleus. Most (76%) synaptic terminals contacted dendrites but they contacted proportionally fewer dendrites in the shell (71%) than in the core (78%). Moreover, enkephalin‐immunoreactive synaptic boutons in the shell (19%) and caudal enkephalin‐rich areas (17%) of the core contacted twice as many spines than in the remaining parts of the core (8.5%). In the core, long pallidum‐like dendrites were occasionally found ensheathed in enkephalin‐immunoreactive terminal boutons.We conclude that the differential arrangement of enkephalinergic contacts in the shell and core could have important functional consequences, especially when considered in relation to other known morphological and neurochemical differences between these regions.