In this review we describe current strategies for adenoviral mediated gene transfer (AMGT) and adeno-associated viral mediated gene transfer (AAVMGT). We consider the stucture and molecular biology of adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses and detail the current advantages and disadvantages of AMGT and AAVMGT. Potential solutions to some of the specific drawbacks to AMGT, including the development of new vectors, addition of gp 19k, organoides, and the use of non-human adenoviral vectors, are discussed.