A density functional study of chemical reactions

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Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) was used to study reactions involving small molecules. Relative energies of isomers and transition structures of diazene, formaldehyde, and methylenimine were determined using various DFT functionals and results were compared with MP2 and MP4 calculations. DFT reaction barriers were found to be consistently lower. For some reactions, such as OH + H2→ H2O + H, gradient‐corrected functionals predict very low or nonexistent barriers. The hybrid Hartree–Fock–DFT adiabatic connection method (ACM) often provides much better results in such cases. The performance of several density functionals, including ACM, was tested in calculations on over 100 atomization, hydrogenation, bond dissociation, and isodesmic reactions. The ACM functional provides consistently better geometries and reaction energetics than does any other functional studied. In cases where both HF and gradient‐corrected DFT methods underestimate bond distances, the ACM geometries may be inferior to those predicted by gradient‐corrected DFT methods. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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