Ventriculography and cisternography with water-soluble contrast media in infants with myelomeningocele.

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Abstract
Newborn [human] infants [54] with myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus were studied by ventriculography using water-soluble contrast media; 20 were also studied by metrizamide myeloencephalography and computed tomographic (CT) cisternography. Ventriculography suggested that the aqueduct was patent in all cases. Outflow of contrast medium from the 4th ventricle was slow in most cases, complete obstruction was seen in 15%, communication was delayed at the outlet in 54% and rather free communication was observed in 31%. Metrizamide myeloencephalography and CT cisternography suggested a partial block at the level of the ambient cisterns in .apprx. 1/3 of infants. Flow of CSF is reduced in several areas. Aqueductal stenosis was not considered an important factor in hydrocephalus, while the most important site of obstruction was felt to be the lowest portion of the 4th ventricle.

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