Influence of Age of Female Glyptapanteles flavicoxis (Marsh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Its Periodicity of Oviposition Activity on Levels of Parasitism and Reproductive Output

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Abstract
Glyptapanteles flavicoxis oviposition activity, progeny production, and progeny sex ratio were studied in relation to parental female age in the laboratory. The daily percentage of hosts successfully parasitized, total number of progeny produced, and percentage of female progeny all declined with parental female age. Greater success in parasitizing hosts was achieved in the morning (9–12 a.m.) than in the afternoon (1–4 p.m.) when given equal numbers of hosts. Female age had no significant effect on this trend.