Elution Behaviors and Rationalized Calibration for Low-Molecular-Weight Polymers in Size Exclusion Chromatography

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Abstract
Molecular weight relationships among oligostyrene, n-hydrocarbon, epoxy resin, p-cresol novolak resin, and oligoethylene glycol having the same retention volume were discussed using SEC gels of different pore sizes in chloroform and tetrahydrofuran. Gel capacity and the maximum number of components resolvable increased with the use of chloroform except the case of epoxy resin. Different elution behaviors of oligomers in different eluents make it difficult to use molar volumes or effective chain lengths as calibration parameters. The influence of the pore size and shape of the gel on the elution order among oligomers was negligible except some cases. Molecular weight conversion equations for several oligomers based on molecular weight of oligostyrene or n-hydrocarbon were derived. These equations make it possible to use oligostyrene or n-hydrocarbon as a reference standard when molecular weights of oligomers are measured.