Interleukin-1β Expression in Human Gastric Carcinoma with Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

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Abstract
The KT tumor is a transplantable strain of a human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC), established in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, with which the cytokine expression of EBVaGC can be investigated without interference from the infiltrating lymphocytes. As a part of a high-density oligonucleotide array (GeneChip) analysis of EBVaGC, the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene was the only cytokine gene that showed markedly higher expression in the KT tumor cells than in two tumor strains of EBV-negative GC. The results were confirmed by Northern blotting, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, we demonstrated a positive signal for IL-1β mRNA in the carcinoma cells of a surgically resected EBVaGC, but not in EBV-negative GC, by in situ hybridization. In vitro, IL-1β increased the cell growth of a GC cell line, TMK1. Thus, IL-1β may act as an autocrine growth factor in EBVaGC.