Abstract
The genital capsules of most or all of the Rhopalidae may be characterized thus: the ventral rim and its infolded region are excised, there are a pair of lateral and of paralateral lobes arising usually from the lateral rim, a setiferous ridge occurs externally on the capsule’s ventral wall, the inner margin of the lateral rim’s infolding is strengthened, the anterior opening of the capsule is tilted dorsally, and the 8th sternum is extended below the capsule. These are synapomorphies of the Rhopalidae. In addition, the Rhopalini and the Niesthreini are linked via several synapomorphies, but other relationships within the family are ambiguous when the genital capsule alone is considered.

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