Interleukin-4 and the Genetics of Atopy

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Abstract
Interleukin-4 is a critical cytokine in the expression of atopy and allergic diseases. Through its receptor, which consists of a unique α chain and the common lymphoid-receptor γ chain, it signals target cells and tissues to mount a response. When interleukin-4 activates its receptor, it triggers B cells to produce IgE. Interleukin-4 also induces endothelium to express adhesion molecules that specifically attract eosinophils. Finally, interleukin-4 signals T cells to become CD4+ type 2 helper cells, which then produce additional interleukin-4 and mediate allergic disease.1 Genetic regulation of this interleukin-4 cascade may be an important regulatory point in the predisposition to . . .