Detection and differential diagnosis of pulmonary infections and tumors in patients with AIDS: value of chest radiography versus CT.

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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of chest radiography with those of CT in the detection of pulmonary infections and tumors in patients with AIDS.The study was retrospective and included the radiographs and CT scans of 139 patients. Eighty-nine had one proven thoracic complication, 17 had two proven thoracic complications, and 33 had no active intrathoracic disease at the time of the examinations. The radiographs and CT scans were interpreted blindly by two independent observers from different institutions. The observers assessed for the presence or absence of intrathoracic disease and recorded the most likely diagnosis and the degree of confidence in that diagnosis.The patients were more commonly correctly identified as having or not having intrathoracic disease on the basis of CT findings than on the basis of radiographic findings ( p < .01, chi-square test). Of the 106 patients with intrathoracic complications, 90% (191 of 212 interpretations) were correctly ident...

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