The Effects of Virulence ofErwinia amylovoraon the Evaluation of Fire Blight Resistance inMalus

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Abstract
Inoculation of greenouse-grown apple (Malus) seedlings derived from controlled crosses with a mixture of five strains of Erwinia amylovora resulted in a larger percentage of the seedling population being evaluated as susceptible than when seedlings were inoculated with a single strain. Inoculation of field-grown progenies with five individual strains of E. amylovora and a mixture of strains indicated that the strain used for inoculation significantly affected the evaluation of resistance to E. amylovora. In general, the aggressivness (sensu Vanderplank, 1968) of the strains most strongly affected the evaluation of resistance. The differential virulence of the strains to specific cultivars had less effect on the evaluation of resistance. Mixtures of strains mashed the differential response of specific cultivar by strain interaction. Methods for selecting cultivars resistant to E. amylovora in an apple breeding program are discussed.

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