Abstract
One of the biggest challenges facing Europe is the ‘East-West Health Gap’. Historically, the transition from infectious to chronic diseases came first in Western Europe before occurring in Eastern Europe. However, after World War II, it went much more smoothly in the Former Socialistic Economy (FSE) countries. A quicker increase in life expectancy in the East (e.g. in Poland life expectancy at birth increased by 9 years among males—from 56.1 to 64.9 years—in the period 1950–1960) led to an equalization of the health differences between Eastern and Western Europe during the early 1960s.1

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