THE PRESENT CONCEPTION OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

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Abstract
It is rather remarkable that the clinical study of blood pressure, a subject on which so much stress has been placed in recent years, should have had its inception only forty-eight years ago in the work of von Basch with the first sphygmomanometer, though Vierordt's1attempts to measure the compressibility of the pulse were made years before and Richard Bright scented the condition in his monograph on the disease bearing his name. In 1886 Flint2mentioned the association between chronic interstitial nephritis, the resistance to the flow of blood through the small vessels, left ventricular hypertrophy, and increased arterial tension. The first contributions to the literature in this country dealing with observations on human blood pressure were made by Richard Cabot3in 1903 and 1904. Instruments free from error for measuring the pressure were not in use until 1901,4and the auscultatory method was described by

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