Dolichols, ubiquinones, geranylgeraniol and farnesol as the major metabolites of mevalonate in Phytophthora cactorum

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Abstract
Farnesol, geranylgeraniol, dolichols and ubiquinones were the main radioactive components of the unsaponifiable lipid recovered from Phytophthora cactorum grown in aerated cultures containing [2-14C]mevalonate. The 14C recovered in each of these components was in the approximate proportion 2:4:3:5. When the culture was not aerated no radioactive ubiquinone was recovered. Most of the 14C recovered in the dolichols was found in dolichol−15 (37%), with decreasing amounts in dolichol−14 (30%) and −13 (14%) and only a little (5%) in dolichol−16, whereas the major components, by weight, of the mixture (13μg/g of damp-dry tissue) were dolichol−14, −15 and −16 in the approximate proportion of 1:3:1. Radioautography of appropriate chromatograms indicated the presence also of traces of radioactivity in dolichol-9, −10, −11, −12 and −17. Most (80%) of the 14C recovered in the ubiquinones was associated with ubiquinone-9, the rest being in ubiquinone-8. Most (80%) of the weight of ubiquinones (19μg/g of damp-dry tissue) was also ubiquinone-9. The identification of these compounds was by chromatographic methods and, for the ubiquinones and dolichols, was confirmed by mass spectrometry. In addition, the incorporation of 4R- and/or 4S-3H from [4-3H]-mevalonates showed the expected stereochemistry of biosynthesis, namely that farnesol, geranylgeraniol and ubiquinones were biogenetically all trans and the dolichols each contained three biogenetically trans isoprene residues, the remaining residues being biogenetically cis. The distribution of 14C in the components of the whole lipid of the fungus was consistent with 97% of both the farnesol and geranylgeraniol being present as the fatty acid ester. The corresponding value for dolichols was 37%. The observation by other workers, that this fungus does not form either squalene or sterol, was confirmed.