Phonons and martensitic phase transitions in pure bcc Ti and bcc Zr

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Abstract
Phonons have been measured in β-Ti and β-Zr over the whole range of existence of the high-temperature bcc phase. Low-frequency and strongly damped longitudinal phonons at q=(2/3(111) produce the necessary displacements for the martensitic β-ω transition. The displacements needed for the martensitic β-α transition are produced by low-frequency and damped transverse phonons at q=(1/2(110), which on approaching the phase transition soften further but not completely. The low-frequency and strongly damped phonons are precursor fluctuations of the α or ω phase within the β phase.