On Form Birefringence of Some Smectic Liquid Crystals

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Abstract
The effective dielectric tensor s, of an unlimited number of l alternate plane layers of arbitrary anisotropic homogeneous materials, has been calculated in the long wavelength limit. Utilizing the result of the calculations, the form birefringence of three models of smectic liquid crystals (lipid-water systems in smectic A and C configurations, and the herringbone structure) was calculated and it was found that some lipid-water systems and smectic C structures are biaxial. The herringbone structure was also found to exhibit biaxial characteristics.

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