Tyloses Formation and the State of Health of Quercus Petraea Trees in Hungary

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Abstract
In a 76-year-old sound and in a 77-year-old diseased trunk of Quercus petraea the number of earlywood vessels with and without tyloses were counted along a 1 cm tangential segment of the annual rings, in four directions at four heights (0.16, 1.35, 12.0, 24.0 m). At all heights of the sound stem, the percentage of earlywood vessels sealed by tyloses is low (2.57-4.13-5.94%). In the diseased stem, the percentage of earlywood vessels sealed by tyloses is higher (7.40- 13.08-19.86%) than it is in the sound stem. This demonstrates a decreased hydraulic capacity in the diseased stem. In both trees, the percentage of earlywood vessels sealed by tyloses increased from the stump (at 0.16 m trunk height = 5.02 %) upwards (at 12.0 m = 12.58%).

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