Photomultiplier Linearization And System Stabilization For Photometric Ellipsometers And Polarimeters

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Abstract
Modifications to standard photometric polarimeter systems that reduce measurement errors due to drift, digital noise, and stray light are described. For instruments using photo-multiplier (PM) detectors, a regulation and control circuit is discussed that also allows the linearity of the detector to be adjusted. The measured performance of a rotating-analyzer ellipsometer (RAE) using these modifications is as follows: Linearity to 5x10-4 over more than three orders of magnitude of incident light intensity, and stability to 5x10-5.

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