The absorption spectra of permanganate, manganate and related oxyions

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Abstract
The visible and ultra-violet absorption spectra of transition metal oxyanions are discussed in terms of a level scheme originally proposed for permanganate and chromate by Ballhausen and Liehr [4]. This level scheme is extended to oxyions containing one or two unpaired electrons and by group theoretical arguments and dipole strength calculations is shown to be consistent with experiment. The source of the intensity of the absorption bands is discussed and it is concluded that this arises primarily from transition dipole matrix elements between ligand orbitals in the ground and excited states.