Space-invariant achromatic grating interferometers: theory

Abstract
A general analysis of an n-grating interferometer under various conditions of illumination is presented, where n = 1, …, 4. Conditions for fringe localization and effects of misalignment are given. The lesser-known phenomenon of the imaging of a grating by a second grating is described from which the fringe-forming capacity of multiple-grating interferometers stems; this can occur regardless of the coherence of the source.

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