An Analytical Mixing Model for Buoyant Jet Injected Into Pipe Flow

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Abstract
An analytical model based on jet trajectory, jet diffusion layer, and flow establishment which predicts mixing of a cold jet injected at an angle into a hot crossflow in a horizontal pipe is presented. The impetus of the present study is to provide a method for calculating fluid temperature when a cold jet is injected into a pipe carrying a hot fluid, without recourse to a sophisticated multidimensional computer program. Such a method is urgently needed to resolve the so-called pressurized thermal shock issue in nuclear industry. The model prediction is compared with representative cases of existing test data, and is shown to predict the temperature distribution reasonably well.

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