How Does Lithium Work?

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Abstract
TWENTY years ago, Cade1 reported that lithium salts are effective in the treatment of psychotic excitement. Although several groups of investigators confirmed and extended this observation, use of lithium was not widely adopted, perhaps because previous claims for use of this ion in the treatment of a variety of diseases such as gout, diabetes and epilepsy were not well founded. Furthermore, its use as a taste substitute for sodium in patients with congestive heart failure led to several cases of severe lithium poisoning. Owing largely to persistent and enthusiastic efforts by Schou2 and Baastrup and Schou,2 , 3 the use of lithium . . .
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