An Evaluation of Primary Enamel Pretreatments and Their Effects on Resin Retention

Abstract
The effects of various enamel pretreatments on bond strengths between primary enamel and resin were investigated. Pretreatments included: removal of the outer enamel surface, varied exposure to phosphorie acid, and the use of an organic coupling agent. Results indicated highest bond strengths utilizing acid pretreatments and an organic coupling agent.