SECOND-ORDER ELASTICITY AND FIRST-ORDER FREDERIKS TRANSITIONS IN NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTALS

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Abstract
The influence of second order elasticity (K13 ≠ 0) on the electrostatic deformations in homeotropic, planar and twisted nematic layers with positive or negative dielectric anisotropy is considered theoretically. For some values of the anisotropic interfacial energies K13 ≤ Wsd ≤ 3 K13 (d is the thickness of the layer) the deformations 0 - π/2 start with a jump in homeotropic nematic layers (K13 > 0) or in planar or twisted nematic layers (K13 < 0). The effect of the hysteresis may be regulated with the aid of the surface anchoring energy

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