Health-Related Quality of Life in Lung Transplant Candidates and Recipients

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Abstract
Background: Studies on the health-related quality of life in lung transplantation have used general questionnaires, although lung-specific instruments might be more sensitive to small differences. Objectives: To compare the health-related quality of life of lung transplant recipients with lung transplant candidates, using lung-specific and general instruments, and to assess the reliability and validity of these questionnaires. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional postal survey of 31 lung transplant recipients and 15 candidates, using the following outcome measures: St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), a lung-specific health status instrument; the Short Form 36 (SF-36), a general measure, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD). Results: The SGRQ showed a significantly better score (p < 0.05) for transplant recipients in the impacts and activity dimensions and the total score than for candidates. SF-36 scores showed a similar improvement in all subscales of the SF-36 except bodily pain. Cronbach’s α for all dimensions of the SGRQ, SF-36, and HAD were 0.77–0.95. Conclusions: Patients surviving lung transplantations can expect a considerable improvement in most dimensions of health-related quality of life. This finding was consistent using both lung-specific and general measures. The reliability of the questionnaires was acceptable. The associations between scales support the validity of the questionnaires in this setting.