Piperacillin (T-1220), a new semisynthetic penicillin. II. In vitro antimicrobial activity and synergy comparison with carbenicillin and gentamicin.

Abstract
Piperacillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin, had potent anti-microbial activity against nearly all (405) tested bacterial species. Piperacillin was consistently 4- to 16-fold more active than carbenicillin against the Enterobacteriaceae, 16- to 32-fold against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas sp. and 16-fold against Streptococcus faecalis. Carbenicillin and piperacillin were equally effective against Staphylococcus aureus, but inactivated by .beta.-lactamase. A 38% overall synergy rate for the piperacillin-gentamicin combination was identified, a finding similar to that for carbenicillin-gentamicin. Highest incidences of synergy were found for both antibiotic pairs tested on gentamicin-resistant isolates (P. aeruginosa and Providencia). Piperacillin alone or in combination with aminoglycosides may be highly efficacious in the treatment of most serious bacterial infections.

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