Reversed-Phase Solid-Phase Extraction for Aqueous Environmental Sample Preparation in Herbicide Residue Analysis

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Abstract
Solid-phase extraction is an emerging chromatographic sample preparation technology. It is an improved alternative to traditional methods of extracting and concentrating organic compounds from aqueous solutions. Successful application of solid-phase extraction to aqueous environmental samples is illustrated for the trace enrichment of herbicide residues. Because retention and elution are confounded during solid-phase extraction method development, it is difficult to optimize one before the other. A plan for developing single-residue analytical protocols is discussed, and the influence of pH, sample concentration and volume, sorbent mass, and solvent strength and volume on the removal of trace organics from water is illustrated.

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