On the Lateral Stability and Control of the Automobile as Influenced by the Dynamics of the Steering System

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Abstract
Measurements of the directional response of an automobile to torque inputs applied at the steering wheel are compared with predictions yielded by a five-degree-of-freedom model of a four-wheeled, pneumatic-tired vehicle. This comparison demonstrates that the directional control and stability of the “free-control” automobile is satisfactorily characterized by the addition of a quasilinear representation of a steering system (i.e., a mechanism having two degrees of freedom with Coulomb friction introduced as the single nonlinear element) to a linear three-degree-of-freedom representation of the “fixed-control” automobile. Use is made of the experimentally substantiated five-degree-of-freedom mathematical model to study the relationship between automotive design parameters and the response and stability in each of the four natural modes of motion that exist for the free-control vehicle.

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