Avian B Cell Development

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Abstract
Development of B cells in chickens proceeds via a series of discrete developmental stages that includes the maturation of committed B cell progenitors in the specialized microenvironment of the bursa of Fabricius. The bursa has been shown to be required for the amplification of the B cell pool and selects for cells with productive immunoglobulin rearrangement events. Other events regulating chicken B cell development such as lymphocyte trafficking and apoptosis are just beginning to be elucidated. Within the bursa, the variable regions of immunoglobulin genes of B cell progenitors are diversified by a process of intrachromosomal gene conversion, where blocks of sequence information are transferred from pseudo-V regions to the recombined variable regions of the immunoglobulin genes. Recently gene conversion has been determined to play a role in the diversification of the immune repertoire in other species. In this review we focus on the current understanding and recent advances of B cell development in the chicken.