Far-Infrared and Submillimeter Maser Oscillators with H2O and D2O

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Abstract
Construction and operating characteristics of far-infrared masers with water and deuterium oxide are presented. The maser tube is 5 cm in inner diameter with internal mirrors of about 5 m separation. The concave spherical mirrors of 6 cm diameter are used. Under the pulsed excitation of 5∼10 kV with 40 µs duration through the water vapor at about 0.2 Torr, strong maser oscillations are obtained at 47.4, 78.4, 79.1, 118.7, 120.1 and 220 µm wavelengths in H2O, and at 36.4, 72.7, 74.5, 84.3, 107.7 and 171.6 µm in D2O. Output characteristics against the gas pressure, the excitation voltage, and the longitudinal magnetic field are shown. At the optimum operation with the longitudinal magnetic fields peak output powers at 118.7 and 171.6 µm are estimated to be as large as about 3 and 6 W respectively.