Structural variability of mature lodgepole pine stands on gently sloping terrain in Taylor Park Basin, Colorado

Abstract
Diameter structures, diameter–age relationships, and spatial pattern of canopy and understory layers in seven stands representative of mature lodgepole pine (Pinusconforta Dougl. ex Loud. ssp. latifolia) forests on gentle (≤5°) slopes in the Taylor Park Basin of Colorado were documented. All stands originated following crown fires 120–140 years ago, during the period of initial Euro-American presence. Two distinct structures were evident among these stands. Four stands had closed canopies (cover >70%), relatively high basal areas and tree densities, low sapling and large seedling densities, numerous standing dead trees, and even-aged diameter distributions. The other three stands had more open canopies (cover

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