Brain arteriovenous malformations: measurement of nidal volume using a combination of static and dynamic magnetic resonance angiography techniques

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Abstract
Arteriovenous malformations of the brain are complex vascular lesions that are an important cause of death and long-term disability. Currently, catheter angiography (CA) is the reference standard procedure for the diagnosis and follow-up of treated arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). This is an invasive procedure with potential risks. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is commonly used in neurovascular imaging as a non-invasive alternative. Various MRA techniques have been used in the diagnosis and follow-up of AVMs but these have suffered from lack of temporal or spatial resolution. In this 60-patient study we describe the combination of two techniques: dynamic magnetic resonance digital subtraction angiography with a high temporal resolution, and a non-dynamic contrast-enhanced time-of-flight sequence with a high spatial resolution technique, in the assessment of AVM. The results showed an excellent correlation between MRA and CA measurement of both maximum linear dimension and AVM nidus volume.