Abstract
The importance of hormone stimulation con-comitant with treatment with 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) for induction of a high incidence of mammary tumors was investigated in BALB/c mice. Hormone stimulation of the mammary glands proved essential for induction of a high incidence of carcinogen-altered cells soon after treatment with low doses of carcinogen, and it facilitated the expression of the carcinogen-altered cells as mammary tumors. Adenoacanthomas appeared during or just after intense hormone stimulation of the mammary gland, whereas type-B mammary adenocarcinomas appeared within a resting, regressed mammary gland. Similarly, there were no hyperplastic aveolar nodules in MCA-treated BALB/c mic.

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