Reaction Energies and Energy Levels from Proton and Deuteron Bombardment of the Iron Isotopes

Thin targets of natural iron and of iron oxide enriched in ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{54}$, ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$, and ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{58}$ have been bombarded with protons and deuterons at several energies between 6.5 and 8.5 MeV. Reaction protons and alpha particles from the ($p, p^{\prime }$), ($p, \alpha$), and ($d, p$) reactions were analyzed with a broad-range magnetic spectrograph at a number of angles between 30 and 130 deg with respect to the incident beam. The ($p, p^{\prime }$) and ($d, p$) reactions gave information on the excited states of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{54}$, ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{55}$, ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{56}$, ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$, ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{58}$, and ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{59}$. For these isotopes, the regions of excitation studied extended from their ground states to 4.07, 7.47, 4.74, 5.80, 8.18, and 4.87 MeV, respectively, and the numbers of levels whose energies were measured in these regions were 11, 136, 25, 109, 133, and 64, respectively. Alpha-particle groups were observed which were associated with excited states in ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{53}$ at 0.380 MeV; in ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{54}$ at 0.057, 0.162, and 0.402 MeV; and in ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{55}$ at 0.128 MeV (all ±0.012 MeV). Also, from ($p, p^{\prime }$) scattering from wolfram present in the targets, proton groups were identified whose energies corresponded to levels in ${\mathrm{W}}^{182}$, ${\mathrm{W}}^{184}$, and ${\mathrm{W}}^{186}$ at 0.100, 0.111, and 0.122 MeV, respectively (all ±0.004 MeV). The ground-state $Q$ values of the reactions studied were found to be: