A Hugoniot theory for solid and powder mixtures

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Abstract
A model is presented from which one can calculate the Hugoniot of solid and porous two-component mixtures up to moderate pressures using only static thermodynamic properties of the components. The model does not presuppose either the relative magnitude of the thermal and elastic energies or temperature equilibrium between the two components. It is shown that for a mixture, the conservation equations define a Hugoniot surface and that the ratio of the thermal energy of the components determines where the shocked state of the mixture lies on this surface. This ratio, which may strongly affect shock-initiated chemical reactions and the properties of consolidated powder mixtures, is found to have only a minor effect on the Hugoniot of a mixture. It is also found that the Hugoniot of solids and solid mixtures is sensitive to the pressure derivative of the isentropic bulk modulus at constant entropy.