Chemosterilization of the Two-Spotted Spider Mite. I. Effect of Chemosterilants on the Biology of the Mite1

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Abstract
The effect of the chemosterilants apholate, tepa, 5-fluorouracil, and 5-fluoroorotic acid on Tetranychus urticae Koch was studied. Sterility was induced in T. urticae by all 4 chemosterilants, although the extent of sterility was dependent on the concentration and mode of application of the chemosterilant and the sex, stage of development, and age of the mites. Apholate and tepa sterilized both males and females; 5-fluorouracil and 5-fluoroorotic acid and 5-fluoroorotic acid sterilized the females. Apholate and tepa, as opposed to and tepa, showed complete residual effect. The deutonymph stage was the only immature stage susceptible to chemosterilants. Consistent differences in mortality were observed among the 4-chemosterilants. Tepa induced the highest mortality. Apholate and tepa decreased the longevity of both sexes. All the chemosterilants shortened the life cycle, but the differences among them were not always significant. Apholate and 5-fluorouracil reduced feeding activity significantly in the adult, although this reduction varied with sex. All 4 chemosterilants affected fecundity, the extent of which to varied with the chemosterilant. A positive correlation between fecundity and feeding habit was found. The results of test to determine effects on mating competitiveness were not consistent.

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