Long‐term incidence of cervical cancer in women with human immunodeficiency virus

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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and compare it with the incidence in HIV‐uninfected women. METHODS: In a cohort study of HIV‐infected and uninfected women who had Papanicolaou tests obtained every 6 months, pathology reports were retrieved for women who had biopsy results or a self‐report of ICC. Histology was reviewed when reports confirmed ICC. Incidence rates were calculated and compared with those in HIV‐negative women. RESULTS: After a median follow‐up of 10.3 years, 3 ICCs were confirmed in HIV‐seropositive women, and none were confirmed in HIV‐seronegative women. The ICC incidence rate was not found to be associated significantly with HIV status (HIV‐negative women [0 of 100,000 person‐years] vs HIV‐positive women [21.4 of 100,000 person‐years]; P = .59). A calculated incidence rate ratio standardized to expected results from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database that was restricted to HIV‐infected Women's Interagency HIV Study participants was 1.32 (95% confidence interval, 0.27‐3.85; P = 0.80). CONCLUSIONS: Among women with HIV in a prospective study that incorporated cervical cancer prevention measures, the incidence of ICC was not significantly higher than that in a comparison group of HIV‐negative women. Cancer 2009. Published 2009 by the American Cancer Society.