Adrenalectomy and surfactant in adult rats

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Abstract
The effect of adrenalectomy (ADX) on aspects of the surfactant system of adult rats was examined. Five days after bilateral ADX, ADX rats had about 20% less disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) in lung lavage returns (airway DSPC) than sham-operated rats, but the amount of tissue DSPC was not different between the groups; airway DSPC formed 12.8 .+-. 0.5% of total DSPC (airway + tissue) in ADX and 15.9 .+-. 0.7% in sham-ADX rats. An ultrastructural morphometric analysis of alveolar type 2 cells did not reveal an effect of ADX on lamellar body volume density or surface-to-volume ratio. ADX rats had heavier lungs (not as a result of edema) than sham-ADX rats. Treatment of ADX rats with hydrocortisone returned the amount of DSPC toward normal and eliminated the increase of lung weight. ADX did not alter the recoil of saline-filled lungs but did slightly increase the recoil of air-filled lungs. Corticosteroid hormones influence the in vivo functioning of the surfactant system of adult rats, but this effect seems to be slight.