Formation of Supported Membranes from Vesicles

Using a combination of the quartz crystal microbalance and surface plasmon resonance techniques, we have studied the spontaneous formation of supported lipid bilayers from small ( $\sim 25\mathrm{nm}$) unilamellar vesicles. Together these experimental methods measure the amount of lipid adsorbed on the surface and the amount of water trapped by the lipid. With this approach, we have, for the first time, been able to observe in detail the progression from the adsorption of intact vesicles to rupture and bilayer formation. Monte Carlo simulations reproduce the data.