Computation of vertical magnetic anomalies from total magnetic field measurements

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Abstract
Magnetic measurements for geophysical work have been largely confined to measurement of the vertical field. Recently an instrument that measures only the total magnetic field has been invented and used with considerable success. Its operation is simpler and faster than the vertical magnetometer and its accuracy is as good as the best of the available vertical instruments. Since the instrument responds only to the total field, its readings are completely independent of orientation or leveling. It is shown that the readings of this instrument give the component of the magnetic anomalies along the direction of dip of the Earth's field. Since this “slant” anomaly is not directly comparable with ordinary measurements of the vertical and horizontal anomalies, or easily interpretable, a method of computing the equivalent vertical and horizontal anomalies has been devised. It is shown that the horizontal and vertical anomalies can be expressed as surface integrals over the surface of measurement of the “slant” anomaly. Means of evaluating these integrals are discussed.

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