A New Chemical Approach to the Dissolution of Urinary Calculi

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Abstract
In view of the shortcomings of available reagents for the dissolution or urinary calculi, the investigators studied the effects of calsol, the Na salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. In vitro, this reagent has optimal dissolving effect on urinary calculi in solns. of 1-3% and pH 7 to 8. The optimum concn. for clinical use appeared to be 1.5% (isotonic). Comparison with acid citrate G soln. showed that of stones obtained from 46 separate patients, 17 were attacked by soln. G, 35 by 1% calsol, and 43 by 3% calsol. In vivo, normal rabbit bladders exposed to the solns. of calsol for 5-6 hrs. evidenced little or no toxic effects. Such solns. administered orally to rats or mice were well tolerated. The calsol was recovered from the feces but not from the urine. It follows from this that local irrigation is the only feasible method of application. Four out of 6 artificially implanted urate calculi were rapidly dissolved from rabbit bladders in vivo by irrigation with calsol. In a preliminary clinical trial, treatment with calsol was effective in 4 out of 7 patients with urinary calculi.