Prognostic factors in patients with stage I, estrogen receptor-negative carcinoma of the breast. A clinicopathologic study

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Abstract
In order to aid in the identification of a group of breast cancer patients at high risk of recurrence in whom the possible value of adjuvant chemotherapy might be most readily demonstrable, the authors reviewed the clinicopathologic features of 74 women with infiltrating, Stage I, estrogen receptor‐negative breast carcinoma. They found significant correlations between short‐term recurrence (within 2 years) and extensive necrosis (P < 0.005), anaplastic tumor nuclear morphology (P < 0.01), a positive family history of breast carcinoma (P < 0.05), diffuse hyperplasia of axillary lymph nodes (P < 0.05), and young age (P < 0.05). Twenty percent of all patients experienced recurrence within 2 years, while recurrence was noted in 32% of patients with highly pleomorphic nuclei, 38% of those with extensive necrosis, and 45% of those with a positive family history. Recurrence was noted in 55% of the small number of patients with both anaplastic nuclear morphology and a positive family history. These apparent risk factors for early recurrence may be helpful in prospectively selecting patients most eligible to receive adjuvant chemotherapy.