Application of Ground‐Penetrating‐Radar Methods in Hydrogeologie Studies

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Abstract
A ground‐penetrating‐radar system was used to study selected stratified‐drift deposits in Connecticut. Ground‐penetrating radar is a surface‐geophysical method that depends on the emission, transmission, reflection, and reception of an electromagnetic pulse and can produce continuous high‐resolution profiles of the subsurface rapidly and efficiently. Traverse locations on land included a well field in the town of Mansfield, a sand and gravel pit and a farm overlying a potential aquifer in the town of Coventry, and Haddam Meadows State Park in the town of Haddam. Traverse locations on water included the Willimantic River in Coventry and Mansfield Hollow Lake in Mansfield. The penetration depth of the radar signal ranged from about 20 feet in fine‐grained glaciolacustrine sediments to about 70 feet in coarse sand and gravel. Some land records in coarse‐grained sediments show a distinct, continuous reflection from the water table about 5 to 11 feet below land surface. Parallel reflectors on the records are interpreted as fine‐grained sediments. Hummocky or chaotic reflectors are interpreted as cross‐bedded or coarse‐grained sediments. Other features observed on some of the radar records include the till and bedrock surface. Records collected on water had distinct water‐bottom multiples (more than one reflection) and diffraction patterns from boulders. The interpretation of the radar records, which required little or no processing, was verified by using lithologie logs from test holes located along some of the land traverses and near the water traverses.