Hemodynamic Patterns After Acute Anesthetized and Unanesthetized Trauma

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Abstract
THE CARDIOVASCULAR derangements occurring with both hemorrhagic and traumatic shock were described over 20 years ago by Cournand, Richards and coworkers1,2as decreased cardiac output and increased peripheral resistance. Since then there has been a tendency in some circles to assume that shock, irrespective of the precipitating events, is associated with low cardiac output and high resistance. More recently, however, other workers3-10have described increased or no appreciable changes in cardiac output and decreased or no change in resistance in various types of clinical shock. The relatively small numbers of patients in the various reported series may account for these apparent discrepancies. An alternative explanation for these differences is that shock may represent a rather large waste basket of conditions, in which various factors play significant roles in producing one or more types of circulatory disturbances. Furthermore, it is entirely possible that patients who have sustained shock

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