Heavy Precipitation Events in New Jersey: Attendant Upper-Air Conditions

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Abstract
The first of an anticipated multipart study of atmospheric conditions occurring before and during heavy precipitation events in New Jersey, representative of the mid-Atlantic region, is presented. Upper-air data parameters were analyzed for 81 cases of heavy precipitation observed in the period 1958–93. These variables consisted mainly of standard level (850–100 mb) temperature, moisture, wind, equivalent potential temperature, vorticity, and height, plus selected advections, divergences, and stability indices. Means and standard deviations of variables, stratified by season, were calculated over the event location near the start time of the event. In addition, sample mean values were compared between the event sample and a climatological sample. A standard t test was used to determine which variables are significantly different between the two samples. Composite maps are presented for selected variables of interest that confirm that the large-scale environment near the beginning of events is alt... Abstract The first of an anticipated multipart study of atmospheric conditions occurring before and during heavy precipitation events in New Jersey, representative of the mid-Atlantic region, is presented. Upper-air data parameters were analyzed for 81 cases of heavy precipitation observed in the period 1958–93. These variables consisted mainly of standard level (850–100 mb) temperature, moisture, wind, equivalent potential temperature, vorticity, and height, plus selected advections, divergences, and stability indices. Means and standard deviations of variables, stratified by season, were calculated over the event location near the start time of the event. In addition, sample mean values were compared between the event sample and a climatological sample. A standard t test was used to determine which variables are significantly different between the two samples. Composite maps are presented for selected variables of interest that confirm that the large-scale environment near the beginning of events is alt...

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