Effects of low temperatures on survival of frozen-thawed mouse embryos

Abstract
Almost no damage to mouse morulae was observed between 0 and −40°C, and freezing damage to embryos in DMSO, glycerol or ethylene glycol occurred after exposure to −60, −50 or −50°C, respectively. Cooling embryos in DMSO or glycerol to temperatures below −50 to −60°C increased freezing damage. To the contrary, in the presence of ethylene, glycol, no more damage occurred after exposure to temperatures below −50°C.