Explanatory Paper on Modern Theory

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Abstract
The main arguments that led to the definition of the 1931 CIE colour system and of the Standard Observer are presented, together with an interpretation of the colour co‐ordinates obtained in this system. The correlation of CIE co‐ordinates with visual estimates is considered, and other systems of more uniform colour space are discussed. A method of expressing colour differences is indicated and related to colour tolerance. The essential principles on which instrumental methods are based are also given, together with brief descriptions of some typical instruments of different types. The principal applications of colorimetry are outlined and some of the advantages and disadvantages of instrumental methods as compared with visual methods are suggested. Simple numerical examples are included to illustrate important points.

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