On the Cluster Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect and Hubble Constant

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Abstract
This study shows one important effect of the preexistent cosmic microwave background temperature fluctuations on the determination of the Hubble constant through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect of clusters of galaxies, especially when coupled with the gravitational lensing effect by the same clusters. The effect results in a broad distribution of the apparent Hubble constant. The combination of this effect with other systematic effects, such as the Loeb-Refregier effect, seems to provide an explanation for the observationally derived values of the Hubble constant currently available, which are based on the SZ effect, if the true value of the Hubble constant is 60-80 km s-1 Mpc-1. It thus becomes possible for the values of the Hubble constant measured by other techniques, which generally give a value around 60-80 km s-1 Mpc-1, to be reconciled with the SZ effect-determined values of the Hubble constant, which are systematically lower than others and have a broad distribution.
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