A High Resolution, Four-Terminal, ac Resistance Bridge for Low Temperature Use

Abstract
Using operational amplifiers in the follower configuration, a four‐terminal, ac resistance bridge can be inexpensively constructed for use with low temperature resistance thermometers from 10 Ω to 10 kΩ (and higher if necessary). Operating the bridge with 1 mV across the thermometer (providing power dissipation of 1 nW at 1 kΩ), the resolution and stability over several hours are 0.003% of the resistance.

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