The Raman Spectra of Oxalic Acid

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Abstract
The Raman spectra of anhydrous oxalic acid, its aqueous and alcoholic solutions, and oxalic acid dihydrate were determined. The spectra from the aqueous solution and anhydrous oxalic acid show that the two carboxyl groups do not behave identically. Peculiarities in the spectrum of the dihydrate are indicated. In the alcoholic solution both carboxyl groups behave similarly. The magnitude of the force constants in the carbonyl groups are consistent with the strength of this acid. Various explanations of these anomalies are discussed briefly.

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